
We are revising Unfamiliar Texts at the moment and I know some of you have a few queries about terms that you are not sure of. Today I will remind you about figures of speech. I will give you some brief definitions of terms and an example.
Antithesis: balanced contrast for special effect.
e.g. (Alexander Pope describing humans)
“Created half to rise, and half to fall;
Great lord of all things, yet a prey to all…”
Hyperbole: deliberate exaggeration for dramatic effect.
e.g. (Lady Macbeth, full of remorse for Duncan’s murder)
“Here’s the smell of blood still. All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand.”
Metaphor: a comparison, without ‘like’ or ‘as’, in which one thing is said to be another.
e.g. (Shakespeare’s description of death)
“That undiscover’d country from whose bourne
No traveller returns…”
Oxymoron: a contradiction in two words, again to catch the reader’s attention.
e.g. (from ‘Romeo and Juliet’)
“Parting is such sweet sorrow.”
Personification: giving human qualities to non-human things.
e.g. (Shakespeare’s image of dawn)
“But look, the dawn, in russet mantle clad.
Walks o’er the dew of yon high eastern hill.”
Simile: a comparison beginning with ‘like’ or ‘as’.
e.g.(picture of an overweight woman laughing)
“… all the woman heaves
As a great elm with all its mound of leaves
Wallows before the storm…”